Nucleated

The parish of Sennen is like others in Penwith made up of several nucleated settlements. If you study the Explorer edition of the Ordnance Survey map for the area you will see these settlements as a group of buildings surrounded by fields. Some such as Trevescan, Mayon and Treeve now have roads running through them but others such as Trevilley and Escalls still retain the look and feel of the isolated settlement of a hundred and fifty years ago.

A study of the 1841 Census tells us that each of these settlements was made up as follows:

To this list could be added the settlement within Sennen Cove with its total of 28 dwellings, which includes housing that has been created for the lighthouse keepers and the coastguard. However, before the 1800s, very little housing would have been situated in the cove itself because of the fear of attack from pirates and the press-gang so the above list is probably the places where the population settled at quite an early date.

As a result of the destruction of the Sennen church records during the civil war by Captain Ceely of the Parliamentary Army Just who lived in these settlements is hardly known. One record did survive, a Muster Roll from the 14^th century. This was compiled in 1569 when Queen Elizabeth gave orders that a muster of all males over the age of sixteen and under sixty in each Parish should take place with their names and weapons being recorded. Names on this list can still be found in Sennen today and I have found it interesting to make a note of just when names first appeared in the Parish records.

I decided to look in greater detail at Escalls which lies close to the northern parish border with St Just.

Today Escalls is very much a holiday centre with most of the dwellings being either holiday homes or let during the summer to visitors. When you visit Escalls for a holiday, it is hard to realise that at the time of the English Civil war in the sixteen hundreds Sennen was home to some families who were members of the Society of Friends or Quakers as well as others who opposed them. The Quakers kept very good records, which included not only the names of their members but also those who persecuted them. Names mentioned in the records which later turn up in Escalls The Quaker families were led by John Ellis who lived just over the border in St Just Parish. He was a wealthy farmer and landowner and made the land available for the Quaker burial ground on the St Just turn. There was also a meeting house the site of which is not known, however, talking to residents I believe that it may well have been situated in Escalls. One family that was active within the Society of Friends were the Vingoe family, listed on the Muster Roll as Vyngow. The descendants of the family hold evidence that Digory Vingoe, a prominent Quaker bought land at Escalls in 1655 from Sir John Arundel; this was added to his other holdings in Sennen Parish.

The Parish Records began at the beginning of the 1700s and do not show where the people lived in the parish so we have to wait until the census of 1841 to see who lived where in the settlement. We do however have the Tithe Survey and map of 1838, and by using this we can draw up a list of who owned and leased property in Escalls.

The number on Map.	Owner	Occupier
50	Thomas Trudgeon	Self
51	John Vingoe	Self
52	John Vingoe	StephenVingoe
53	John Jenkin	Self
54	Thomas Trudgeon
55	Nicholas Tremewan
56	John Vingoe
57	William Vingoe	Self
58	William Nicholas
59	John Vingoe
63	John Saundry
67	Dionysus Williams	James Richards
79	Johnathan Humphreys

Over the next 60 years thanks to the census we have good records and if you visit Escalls today you may find it hard to believe that in the past it was once home to over a hundred people.

The table below gives a breakdown of the population and names in occupation at Escalls between 1841 - 1911. For greater detail visit the census records on this web site.

Name	1st Date	Tithe 1838	1841	1851	1861	1871	1881	1891	1901	1911
Axford	1871 Cen
Badcock	1782 Mar.		5 [1]	5[1]	1[1]	1 [1]	1 [1]
Barnes	1831		1 [1]		6 [1]	8 [1]
Ball	1800								4 [1]
Boase	1745		3 [2]
Bone	1744			4 [1]	3 [1]	5 [1]	7 [1]
Bond	1820 Bur						4 [1]			2 (1)
Botheras	1823		3 [1]	2 [1]	1 [1]	1 [1]	1 [1]	1 [1]
Bottrell	1707 Mar							1 [1]
Bruce										4 (1)
Chapel	1761		3 [1]
Chappell	1817 Bur								4 (1)	4 (1)
Chellew	1861				8 [1]	7 [1]	6 [1]	6 [2]	5 [2]	4 (1)
Clemmens	1821
Daniel	1708 Mar		1 [1]
Davy	1509 Mus		7 [1]
Ellis	1669 Qua		4 [2]	2 [2]	3 [1]	2 [1 ]	2 [1]	5 [2]	4 [1]	2 (1)
Farquharson										2 (1)
George	1708			2 [1]			6 [1]		1 [1]	4 (2)
Guy	1761		1 [1]
Hall	1792		4 [1]	8 [2]
Harris	1708							1 [1]	1 [1]
Harry	1821 Bur		1 [1]
Hicks	1701 Mar					1 [1]	1 [1]
Hoskin	1569 Mus		1 [1]
Humphrys	1723			4 [2]		1 [1]	1 [1]
Humphrey	1736		1 [1]
Humphreys	1736		7 [2]		1 [1]

Jenkin	1708 Mar		2 [1]
Lug	1881 Cen						3 [1]	6 [1]	7 [1]	6 (1)
Madern	1730 Mar					7 [1]
Marks	1901 Cen
Mitchel	1745 Mar			1 [1]
Mitchell	1704 Mar		3 [1]
Murley	1785 Mar			2 [1]
Nicholas	1569 Mus	(3)	17 [ 5]	38 [8]	20 [6]	9 [4]	3 [2]	5 [4]	3 [2]	3 (1)
Oats	1765 Mar			6 [2]	17 [2]					2 (1)
Osborne										7 (1)
Pascoe	1717						1 [1]
Penrose	1569 Mus						3 [1]			7 (1)
Prowse	1891 Cen							1 [1]
Roberts	1569 Mus				3 [1]		1 [1]	4 [1]
Taskes	1811 Mar								2 [1]
Taskis	1881 Cen
Thomas	1569 Mus				9 [3]	6 [3]	11 [3]
Tonkin	1569 Mus		7 [2]	7 [1]	6 [1]
Treneary	1871 Cen					4 [1]
Trewern	1833							6 [1]	8 [1]
Trudgen	1739		3 [1]	3 [1]	1[1]	1 [1]	1 [1]
Vingoe	1569 Mus		13 [3]	8 [2]	5 [1]	6 [2]	2 [1]	2 [1]	2[1]	1 (1)
White	1778 Mar		8 [2]	7 [3]	5 [1]	2 [2]	2 [2]
Total Population			107	108	98	68	51	46	41	48
Occupies Houses			22	23	15	14	13	11	10	10
Unoccupied Houses			3	2	?	?	?	?	?	?

Sandra and George Pritchard are the authors of original work on this site.

Copyright 2001. 2002. 2003 All rights reserved.
Revised: August 08, 2013.

Sandra and George Pritchard are the authors of original work on this site.

Copyright 2001. 2002. 2003 All rights reserved. Revised: August 08, 2013.

Copyright 2001. 2002. 2003 All rights reserved.
Revised: August 08, 2013.